There was a different option for cars in cities

In the 1920s, automobiles became more prevalent in US cities. Planners began to see the need for higher capacity roads throughout the '20s and '30s. They made mostly multi-modal street plans. Instead of major highways (inner city interstate), the planners of the day proposed multiple highways within the cities within an integrated system of hierarchal roads.



The highest level "super highway" would have included pedestrian, rail, and cars.



Because all of these early plans were funded with local taxes, there was an emphasis on using transportation to work with land use in what we now call "transportation oriented development." Por ejemplo, shops and higher densities near the train stops. Then, came along the gas tax. It was seen as a way to pay for infrastructure, but there was push back against using it for anything other than automobile infrastructure (because they paid the tax).

The gas tax is mostly controlled by the states and federal governments. And at that level, they don't like to give away money without accountability and some "quality control." There-go, we have the beautiful uniform interstate highway system. And thanks to the downtown businesses desire for a connection to the suburbs, the interstate highways became inter and inner metro connection.



With all of the displacement, divided neighborhoods, and automobile traffic that came with the downtown freeways the push to remove them has grown and places like Portland have turned down proposed highways and even removed sections from the center. Transit-oriented development is the new buzz word and it's with good reason. Sometimes we were right the first time.

Read more in this article.

Form-based codes

I just started this blog as an output for all of the different aspects of urban planning that I have been coming across and ideas that relate. I have been into urban planning since I was a child and did not understand why the cars had a place on the road and people ... but nowhere for bikes. I thought, "What a crack!!!" I was nine.

Well, I've grown and I'm still exploring many aspects of design, transportation, public engagement, justice, nature, economic development within the urban framework.

Today, I'll start with one of favorite possibilities which has a lot of potential: Form-Based Codes.

Where zoning tends to look at cities on paper, Form-Based Codes seem to account for framing the public realm. It's been used for centuries all over the world. The Greeks used it during their heyday, the Spanish used it in the Laws of the Indies (Leyes de Indias). In the United States zoning came around and some-how we've lost much of it -- until the New Urbanists came around in the '80s. Muchas gracias to them!


Image Source

Check out http://www.formbasedcodes.org/ to learn more!